Prepared by: Yeshaneh Adimasu (Lecturer at Adama Science and Technology Uuniversity)
"Together We Can"
There are #200 multiple questions which is very helpful for all grades, especially for Grade 12 students around every corner of Ethiopia. Th questions are prepared based on the New curriculum from Grade 11 (unit 1-3) and 12 (unit 1&2) and old curriculum from Grade 9 (Unit 1-3) and 10 (Unit 1)
Those who have interest to access the video lectures from Grade 9, 10, 11, and 12, please visit my YouTube channel "Yeshaneh Tube" on the link: https://www.youtube.com/@yeshanehtube
Further more; If you have any comment and suggestion please write on the comment section
@yeshanehtube
DO carefully !!
Good luck
Instruction: Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives
1.
A device that
is used to separate solids from liquids where simple filtration is not adequate
for the task is
A/
Centrifuge B/ Petri
dish C/ Theodolite D/ Autoclave
2.
Which one of the following scholars support the idea of spontaneous generation?
A/
Joseph Lister B/
Needham C/ Robert Kochi D/ Spallanzani
3.
Biological research is highly relevant to us all because
A/
Producing new crops that will help to feed an increasing pest
B/ Producing new
antibiotics against AIDS
C/
Producing new vaccine that are more effective against viral diseases
D/
Help to maintain, expand and prevent exotic plant species
4.
Which one of the following is inorganic molecule?
A/
Water, calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide
B/ Water, sugar, calcium carbonate
C/
Sugar, fatty acid, amino acid D/ Carbon dioxide,
amino acid, fatty acid
5.
The carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen composition in the carbohydrates respectively
are---
A/
1:2:1 ratio B/ 2:1:1
ratio C 1:1:2 ratio D/ Equal ratio
6.
The hydrogen and oxygen atom in the water molecule are joined by
A/
Ether bond B/ Covalent
bond C/ Ionic bond D/ Hydrogen bond
7. One of the most important things in
biotechnology is producing potential plant and animal products. This can be
achieved by inserting new genetic information into existing cells in order to
modify a specific organism for the purpose of changing its characteristics.
This method is
A/ Transgenic organism B/ Cloning method C/ rDNA technology D/ GMO
8. Which one is the best definition of
modern biotechnology?
A/ Biotechnology is the use of microbes to
change crops and animals and producing new products
B/ Biotechnology is the use of
microorganisms to make fermented food product
C/ Biotechnology is a way of making and
preserving foods and making alcoholic drinks
D/ Biotechnology is the use of microbes to produced making cheese and yoghurt
9. Which one of the following statements
is true?
A/ Aerobic respiration provides more
energy than anaerobic respiration, allowing yeast cells to grow and reproduce
B/ Anaerobic respiration provides less
energy than aerobic respiration, allowing yeast cells to grow and reproduce
more quickly
C/ Yeast cells can’t survive for a long
time in low oxygen conditions, and will break down all the available sugar to
produce ethanol
D/ Yeast cells can survive for a long time
in low oxygen conditions, but don not break down all the available sugar to
produce ethanol
10. In the fermentation application, which
one is true about yeast?
A/ Yeast can respire anaerobically in
bread making, but respire aerobically to make alcoholic drink
B/ When the alcohol content occurs in
large amounts it will stop fermentation but do not kill yeast
C/ When the alcohol content occurs in
large amounts it will kill yeast but don’t stop fermentation D/ Yeast can
respire aerobically in bread making, but respire anaerobically to make
alcoholic drink
11. Which one of the following is true
about making yoghurt?
A/
As
the yeast break down the lactose in the milk, they produce lactic acid, which
gives the yoghurt its sharp, tangy taste.
B/
The
microbes that used in yoghurt processing help to prevent the growth of other
bacteria that normally lead the milk bad.
C/
Yoghurt
is formed by the action of fungi on the lactose in the milk.
D/ The lactic acid produced by the fungi
causes the milk to clot and solidify into yoghurt
12. The yeast cell is
reproduced by asexual budding which leads to the splitting of parent cell into
two to form new yeast cells. How many cells does one gram of yeast contain?
A/ About 10 million B/ About 25 million C/ About 40 billion D/ About 25 billion
13.
Which one of the following is true about the feature of industrial
fermenter or vessel?
A/ Usually has an oxygen supply to remove
the excess heat produced by microorganisms
B/ Has a stirrer for continuous monitoring
of factors such as pH and oxygen level
C/ Has a water-cooled jacket to remove the
excess heat produced by the respiring microorganisms
D/ Has a water-cooled jacket for
maintaining temperature and food are distributed evenly through the culture
14. Biogas is a flammable mixture of gases,
formed when microorganism break down plant material, or the waste products of
animals, in anaerobic conditions. So, which one gas is the major component of
biogas based on percentage next to methane?
A/
Hydrogen
sulphide B/ Hydrogen C/
Water D/ Carbon dioxide
15. Based on the following stages of
making and using biogas, which one is the correct order:
I. Bacteria break down the plant parts and
sugars, producing methane and other gases
II. Dung or plant material is collected
and put into a biogas digester
III. The biogas produced is piped into
homes and burned to produce light or heat
IV. A mixed population of different types
of bacteria is added
A/
II, IV, I, and III B/ II, I, IV, and III C/
IV, I, III, and II D/ IV, III, I, and II
16.
Which one of the following statements is correct?
A/ The cells of early
animal embryos are specialized
B/ In many animals,
the cells become unspecialized at very early in life
C/ When baby is born,
most of the cells have become unspecialized for a particular job
D/
When a muscle cell divides by mitosis, it can only form more muscle cells
17.
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of scientific methods?
A/
Title -------Hypothesis------Background ------Experiment------
Results-----Conclusion
B/
Title------Background-------Hypothesis------Experiment------
Results-----Conclusion
C/
Background------- Title------Hypothesis------ Results-----Experiment------
Conclusion
D/
Background------- Title------Hypothesis------Experiment------
Results-----Conclusion
18.
Who was the first scholar conducting experiment on fly to disprove abiogenesis
theory?
A/
Fransisco Redi B/
Needham C/ Spallanzani D/ Johan Tyndall
19.
The scientific method is more reliable than opinion based on personal
observation because:
A/
Scientists are more reliable than other people
B/
Observation is not a valid scientific technique
C/
Scientific method always gives the correct answer
D/
Scientific method involves gathering information from controlled experiments to
prove or disprove a hypothesis
20.
Which one of the following statements is odd about the properties of
microscope?
A/ Resolution is the
ability to distinguish between two points that are close together
B/ If resolution is
poor, they will merge into one point and the detail of the image will be
limited
C/
TEM and SEM have higher resolution than optical microscopes
D/
TEM and SEM have higher resolution and low magnification optical microscopes
21.
Which one of the following properties of water is important for the uptake of
water molecule from the ground to other part of the plant?
A/
Universal solvent B/ High heat
of vaporization
C/
Cohesion and adhesion
D/ High specific heat capacity
22.
The high surface tension of water is due to:
A/
Unbalanced hydrogen bonding in the body of the water
B/
Balanced hydrogen bonding in the body of the water
C/
Balanced hydrogen bonding at the surface of the water
D/
Unbalanced hydrogen bonding at the surface of the water
23.
Which one of the following pair of monosaccharides are trios’ sugar?
A/
Dihydroxyacetone and Ribulose
B/ Glyceraldehyde and Ribulose
C/
Glyceraldehyde and Dihydroxyacetone
D/ Lactose and Maltose
24. Which one of
the following dyes is used to stain chromosomes in dividing nuclei?
A/ Haematoxylin B/ Crystal
violate C/ Methylene blue D/ Acetocarmine
25.
Which of the following Ethiopian biologists is known internationally for developing a vaccine using genetic engineering
to treat cattle disease rinderpest?
A/ Dr Gebissa
Ejeta B/ Professor Tilahun Yilma
C/ Dr Melaku Worede D/ Professor
Yalemtsehay Mekonnen
26.
Which of the following Ethiopian biologists is known for their exemplary work in safeguarding the biodiversity and the
traditional rights of farmers and communities to their genetic resources?
A/ Dr Tewolde
Berhan Gebre Egziabher
B/ Dr Zeresenay Alemseged
C/ Professor Ensermu Kelbessa
D/ Professor Sebsebe Demissew
27. Which one of
the following types of cells is an unspecialized cell?
A/ Pancreas B/ Neuron C/ Embryo D/ Kidney
28. Which one of
the following is incorrectly much in monomer-polymer pairing?
A/ Fatty acid –
Lipid
B/ Amino acid – Protein
C/ Nucleotide -
nucleic acids
D/ Starch – Cellulose
29. Which one of
the following products is not produced as a result of microorganisms?
A/ Raw meat B/ Alcohol C/ Bread D/ Vinegar
30. Which of the following is true about
the cell structures and their respective functions?
A/
Cell wall: Support, protection
B/ Chloroplasts: Site of cellular
respiration
C/ Chromosomes: Cytoskeleton of the
nucleus D/ Lysosomes: Formation of ATP
31. Which one of
the following monosaccharides has a ketone functional group?
A/ Glyceraldehyde B/
Galactose C/ Glucose D/ Fructose
32. From the
macromolecule lipid found in the myelin sheath that surrounds nerve cells is:
A/
Triglyceride B/
Sphingolipid C/ Sterol D/ Phospholipid
33. The bonds
that link the monomers of carbohydrates and lipids respectively are:
A/ Covalent bond
and Ether bond B/ Ester
bond and Glycosidic bond
C/ Ether and
Covalent bond
D/ Glycosidic bond and ester bond
34. Which one of
the following is mismatched?
A/ Glucose +Glucose = Maltose B/ Galactose +Fructose =
Sucrose
C/ Glucose +
Fructose = Sucrose D/
Glucose +Galactose = Lactose
35. The
hydrophobic and hydrophilic region of the cell membrane contains respectively:
A/ Lipid and
water
B/ Hydrocarbon and Phosphate
C/ Phosphate and
Hydrocarbon
D/ Water and Lipid
36. When heated
with Benedict’s solution, which carbohydrates does not show color change?
A/ Maltose B/ Lactose C/ Sucrose D/ Reduced sugar
37. Which organelles contain their own
genetic material and are important for endosymbiosis?
A/
Vacuole and Lysosome
B/ Chloroplast and Mitochondria
C/
Nucleus and Cell membrane
D/ Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body
38. From the following scientists, who first
saw the living cells?
A/ Rudolf Virchow B/ Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
C/ Robert Hooke D/ Rene
Dutrochet
39. The most common bacteria species used as vector to transfer target gene
from one plant of another in order to change or modify the characteristics of
plants
A/ Bacillus
thurigiensis
B/ Agrobacterium tumefaciens
C/ Bacillus
popilliae
D/ Beauveria bassiana
40. Instruction: Answer the question based on the following
information about the solutions with different concentrations as Solution A =
0.9 M sucrose; Solution B = 0.2 M sucrose; Solution C = 0.5 M sucrose; If a
potato tissue is immersed, solution C does NOT show any change in weight, which
one could be the most probable reason?
A/ The solution
is hypotonic to the potato cell
B/ The solution
is isotonic to the potato cell
C/ The potato
cell has more concentration of solute than the solution
D/ The solution
is hypertonic to the potato cell
41. Which one of
the following pair of organelles is not membrane-bound?
A/ Golgi apparatus and Endoplasmic
reticulum B/
Mitochondria and Chloroplast
C/ Ribosome and
Plasma membrane D/
Nucleus and Lysosomes
42. Which one of
the following is true about prokaryotic cells?
A/ Have cell
wall made from murein B/ Have
cell wall made from glycoprotein
C/ Have linear
DNA structure
D/ Has small ribosome with 80S
43. Which one of
the following bioremediations methos is an example of in-situ
bioremediation?
A/ Biopilis B/ Composting C/ Biostimulation D/ Treatment plant
44. Forensic
science is important for solving crime and paternity cases by analyzing DNA,
which type of gene is used for the amplification of the genetic material?
A/ Sense
strand B/ Non- sense
strand C/ Exon gene D/ Coded gene
45. Which
function of the microbes in bread making achieved mainly through the release of
gas to produce porous and spongy products?
A/ Unconditioning B/ Conditioning C/ Imparting D/ Leavening
46. Which method
used by biologists to separate cellular organelles for studying their properties?
A/
Dehydrogenation B/
Polymerization C/
Phosphorylation D/ Cell fractionation
47. Over millions of years ancestral
prokaryotic cells became more membranous and then their membrane around the
cell became more and more folded.
This
would evolve into
A/ Golgi body B/
Mitochondria C/ Endoplasmic
reticulum D/Chloroplast
48. The genetic material (DNA) of bacteria
cells is-------
A/ Linear & bound with histone B/ Linear &
not bound with histone
C/ Circular & not bound with histone D/ Circular & bound with
histone
49. Various molecules in the membrane
allow the cell to be recognized by hormones and the immune system (in animals)
and growth regulator substances (in plants). These roles of the membrane are---
A/
Cell signaling B/ Boundary C/ Cell communication D/ Selective permeable
50. During the production of beer, wine and spirits the most common types of
alcohol produced as a result of fermentation through microbial action is…
A/ Isopropanol
alcohol B/ Ethyl alcohol C/ Amyl alcohol D/ Isoamyl alcohol
51. Microorganisms are used for making various dairy products. From this milk
product is the most common product produced by microbial action. Which pair of bacteria
are commonly used for the production of yogurt?
A/ Streptococcus
thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus
B/ Streptococcus
cremoris and Leuconostoc spp.
C/ Lactobacillus
plantarum and Lactobacillus bulgaricus
D/ Lactobacillus
plantarum and Pediococcus cerevisiae
52. Which one of the following molecules
could pass easily via the pore of the cell membrane?
A/ Water soluble B/
Non-polar C/
Charged D/ Hydrophilic
53. How much percent of the nucleus
typically occupies the volume of a cell?
A/ 50% B/
40% C/
20% D/10%
54. The functions of the rough endoplasmic
reticulum and the Golgi body are related because:
A/ Proteins synthesized by the rough
endoplasmic reticulum are modified by the Golgi body
B/ Proteins synthesized by the Golgi body
are modified by the rough endoplasmic reticulum
C/ Lipids synthesized by the Golgi body
are modified by the rough endoplasmic reticulum
D/ Lipids synthesized by the rough
endoplasmic reticulum are modified by the Golgi body
55. Which one of the following microorganisms are most commonly used for the
production of protein called Pruteen which is used as an animals feed?
A/ Fusarium venenatum B/ Rhodopseudomonas
capsulata
C/ Methylophilus
methylotrophus D/ Saccharomyces cerevisiae
56. The mitochondrion, like the nucleus,
has two or more membrane layers. How is the innermost of these layers different
from that of the nucleus?
A/ The two membranes are biochemically very
different.
B/ The inner mitochondrial membrane is highly
folded.
C/ The inner membrane of the mitochondrion is
separated out into thylakoids.
D/
The inner mitochondrial membrane is devoid of nearly all proteins
57.
A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes,
plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. It could be a cell
from:
A/ Plant or bacterium C/ Animal, but not a plant
B/ Plant, but not an animal D/ Plant or an
animal
58.
When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells, they most
likely would use
A/ Light microscope B/
Transmission electronic microscope
C/
Scanning electron microscope D/ Compound
microscope
59.
In the separation of homogenized cells using centrifugation, the primary factor
that determines whether a specific cellular component ends up in the
supernatant or the pellet is:
A/
Relative solubility of the component B/ Size and weight of the
component
C/
Percentage of carbohydrates in the component
D/ Number of enzymes in the cell
60. The most common strategy that focus on the breading staple crop to
have the high level of essential nutrients either through breading or genetic
modification.
A/
Biofortification B/
Food security C/
Nutritional D/ Food
61. Suppose Grade 9 students view the sample of the red blood cells under a
light microscope. The magnification of the eyepiece lens is 10X and the object
lens is 40X. One student takes an image of the blood cells from a light
microscope and finds the size of the image is 20 mm. What is the actual size of
the red blood cells in the sample?
A/ 0.05 mm B/ 5 mm C/ 0.02 mm D/ 2 mm
62. What is
bioremediation?
A. The process
in which a biological organism metabolizes a pollutant into a harmless
compound.
B. The process
of adding microorganisms to the environment.
C. The process
of adding nutrients to the environment to neutralize pollutants.
D. The process
of developing pollutants that can combat microorganisms.
63. The two
domains to which prokaryotes are classified into are:
A. Bacteria and
Protista C. Bacteria and Archaea
B. Archaea and
Eukarya D. Eukarya and Monera
64. Which one of
the following biological research center in Ethiopian widened doing research
target on tuberculosis (TB), leishmaniasis, malaria, HIV/AIDS, and leprosy.
A/ Ethiopian
Health and Nutrition Research institute B/ Institute of Pathobiology
C/ Armauer Hansen Research institute D/ Institute of Agricultural Research
65. Which one of
the following biological research center in Ethiopian practicing about
conserving genes plants genes, plants, animals and micro-organisms which is
very crucial for the management of the ecosystem.
A/ Institute of
Biodiversity Conservation
B/ Institute of
Agricultural Research
C/ Institute of
Pathobiology
D/ Addis Ababa
University Biology Department
66.
Schistosomiasis or bilharziasis is a common parasitic disease. The spread of
this disease is under controlled by the Ethiopia’s most renowned biologists Dr
Aklilu Lemma using
A/ Koseret (Lippia abyssinica) B/ Enkoko (Embelia schimperi Vatke)
C/ Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra) D/ Kosso (Hagenia abyssinica)
67. Dr Tewolde
Berhan Gebre Egziabher is a biologist who researches into:
A/ HIV/AIDS B/ Genetic
engineering
C/ Human
evolution D/
Environmental protection and diversity
68. Which one of
the following is true about cell?
A/ There are
organisms that are not composed of cell
B/ Some cells can be seen very easily with the naked eye without microscope
C/ All cells are
invisible with our naked eye
D/ All cells
comes from preexisting cell by crystallization
69. The biggest
problem faced using light microscope is
A/ Low
resolution but high magnification power
B/ High
resolution but low magnification power
C/ Low
resolution and low magnification power
D/ High
resolution but high magnification power
70. Which of the following is the main advantage of the electron microscope?
A/ It’s very
expensive.
B/ Specimens are
examined in a vacuum so must be dead.
C/ It needs a
constant temperature and pressure.
D/ It gives a
greatly increased magnification and resolution over the light microscope.
71. All living
organisms are sensitive to changes in their surroundings. This property of
living organisms is…
A/ Irritability B/
Homeostasis C/ Excretion D/ Adaptation
72. What is the
role of enzyme in bioremediation?
A. It can
provide energy to the microorganisms involved in the process.
B. To transport
the pollutant to designated treatment facility
C. To break down
pollutants in small and less toxic molecules
D. It serves as nutrient source for pollutant
degrading microorganisms.
73. The
cytoplasm is a liquid gel in which most of the chemical reactions needed for
life take place and 70% of the component is
A/ Protein B/ Water C/ Salt D/ Gases
74. The reliability of an experiment is increased by:
A/ Minimizing personal judgement B/ Working as quickly as
possible
C/ Carrying out repeat experiment D/ Using the most
appropriate apparatus
75. Which
organelle has a three-dimensional system of tubules that spreads right through
the cytoplasm and links the nucleus with the cell membrane?
A/
Mitochondria B/ Endoplasmic reticulum C/ Lysosome D/ Cytoskeleton
76. ________ is
a space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap, a liquid containing sugars,
mineral ions and other chemicals dissolved in water.
A/ Vacuole B/ Ribosome C/ Nucleolus D/ Chloroplast
77. Sea stars
are broken apart by workers to save the clams they feed on, and then thrown
back into the ocean. Often the numbers of sea stars are seen to double after
this. This best explains
A. Regeneration B. Fragmentation C. Budding D.
parthenogenesis
78. What are the
three phases of embryonic development in chronological order?
A. Blastula →
Gastrula → Cleavage B. Blastula →
Cleavage → Gastrula
C. Cleavage →
Gastrula → Blastula D. Cleavage →
Blastula → Gastrula
79. Genetically
unique individuals are produced through ________.
A. Sexual
reproduction B. Parthenogenesis C. Budding D. Fragmentation
80. Why is
sexual reproduction useful?
A. It completes
in a very short period of time
B. It results in
the rapid production of many offspring
C. It increases
genetic diversity, allowing organisms to survive in an unpredictable
Environment.
D. It needs less
energy and leads to genetic variation in the offspring
81. External
fertilization occurs in which type of environment?
A. Forest B. Aquatic C. Savanna D. Deep Soil
82. All living
organisms are sensitive to changes in their surroundings. These characteristics
of the living organism are referred to as?
A/ Movement B/ Respiration C/ Respond to stimulus D/ Evolve over time
83. Which mating
system involves a male mating with multiple females during a reproductive
season?
A. Androgeny B. Polygamy C. Monogamy D. Polygyny
84.
Metamorphosis of insects is regulated through hormone
A. Pheromone B. Ecdysone C. Thyroxine D. Hypothalamus
85.
________ is a mission-oriented science that focus on the
protection and restoration of biodiversity and the diversity of life on the earth.
A/ Environmental Biology C/ Conservation Biology
B/ Developmental biology D/ Systematic Biology
86. Which one of the following is not the
importance of protecting natural resources?
A/ Protect wildlife and preserve it for
future generations
B/ Improve water quality and air quality
C/ Preserve open and green spaces
D/ Increase exploitation of natural
resources by humans
87.
________ is a strategy of increasing the micronutrients level in food group
through the uses of modern biotechnological techniques and traditional plant
breading and agronomic practices.
A/ Biofortification B/ Food security C/ Food insecurity D/ Nutrition
88. Based on FDA, The condition when the
person become “too short” due to malnutrition is-----
A/ Good nutrition B/ Over nutrition C/ Stunting D/ Wasting
89. Which one of the following is not the
major objectives to be the organisms are being genetically modified?
A/ Increase yield and to obtain novel
products
B/ Enhance of contamination from
industrial, and municipal wastes.
C/ Diagnosis and treatment of
diseases
D/ Production for pharmaceuticals and gene
therapy
90. Which one is not the reason for
microorganisms are a preferable sources of single cell protein?
A/ Have short life cycle
B/ Produce better protein in terms of
quality and the quantity
C/ Not affected by fluctuation of weather
condition
D/ Can be grow in cheap media in small
amount
91.
In developed country, the single cell protein used as an animal feed
called Pruteen is produced from-----?
A/
Methylophilus methylotrophus C/ Spirulina
B/ Fusarium venenatum D/ Chlorella
92. Yogurt is one of the common fermented
food product produced as a result of fermentation carried out by a starter
culture-----------?
A/ Streptococcus pneumonia and Lactobacillus
acidophilus
B/Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus
bulgaricus
C/ Streptococcus cremoris and Leuconostoc
sp.
D/ Lactobacillus plantarum
and Pediococcus cerevisiae
93. Which one of the following is the
product of homo-lactic acid fermentation?
A/ Glucose B/Ethanol C/Lactic acid D/ Carbon dioxide
94.
In alcoholic production cereal grains are malted. So, malt is----?
A/
Partially germinated barely C/
Crushed cereals
B/
Liquid extract
D/ Fermented grains
95. The alcoholic content of various alcoholic
beverage is enhanced by the process of-----?
A/
Microbial action B/
Fermentation C/
Distillation D/ Increase substrate
96.
Which one of the following is true about lager beer?
A/
Produced by top fermentation
C/ The starter culture is Saccharomyces cerevisiae
B/ Fermented by low temperature D/ The alcohol content is
reaches up to 10%
97.
In bakery production, the process of releasing of gas (CO2) to
produce porous and spongy product via microbial action is------?
A/ Leavening B/ Imparting C/ Baking D/ Conditioning
98. Animals
can be genetically modified (transgenic animals) for the purpose of all except?
A/ Enhancing
reproductive performance
C/ Increasing growth rate
B/ Improving
carcass composition
D/ Increasing disease susceptibility
99. _____ is
method of transferring a fragments of tissue from an animal or plant to an
artificial environment for production of disease-free and high quality products.
A/
Transplantation B/ Tissue
culture C/ Mixed culture D/Pure culture
100. One of the
major application of biology in human health and wellbeing’s are the production
of antibiotics. This products are produced due to……?
A/ Cooperation for
limited nutrient C/
Antagonism for inadequate of food resources
D/ Synergism for
the presence of space D/ The
occurrence of oxygen abundance
101.
In the lysogenic cycle of virus reproduction:
A/ The viral DNA becomes incorporated into
the host cell’s DNA
B/ Causing the cell to lysis and move the
viruses out of the host
C/ Eventually the viral DNA becomes
activated and causes the release of viral proteins
D/ Leads the rupture of the host cell
102. Bacterial populations can develop a
resistance to antibiotics. Which factors listed below do not contribute to
emerging antibiotic resistance?
A/ Random mutation in the bacterial
population
B/ The repeated use of the same antibiotic
on a bacterial population
C/ Careful selection of the most effective
antibiotic to use on a bacterial population
D/ People not completing a course of
antibiotics so that some bacteria survive
103. The reason that Gram
negative bacteria are more toxic than Gram negative bacteria are due to the
fact that Gram negative bacteria contain?
A/ Lipoteichoic acid B/ Lipoprotein C/ Lipopolysaccharide D/ O-Antigen
104. On the evolutionary
lines, which one of the following microorganisms do not have distinctive domain
and kingdom?
A/ Viruses B/ Fungi C/ Helminthes D/ Protozoa
105. Which one of the
following external structure of bacteria used for prevent the bacteria from
dehydration?
A/ Pilli B/ Fimbriae C/ Glycocalyx D/ Inclusion body
106. In a bacteria shape
arrangement when many cocci are joined together and form clustered structure
called------
A/ Streptobacilli B/ Streptococcus C/ Staphylococcus D/ Sarcina
107. The rigid layer of
the bacteria cell, which is composed of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic
acid linked by peptide bridge is---------
A/ Peptidoglycan B/ Chitin C/ Polypeptide D/ Cellulose
108. Based on nutritional
requirements, nearly all pathogenic microorganisms are grouped under—
A/
Chemolithoheterotroph B/
Photolithoautotroph
C/
Chemoorganoheterotroph D/
Chemolithoautotroph
109. When the archaea
bacteria that can survive and live in very saline environments (like the Dead
Sea) is.
A/ Hyperthermophile B/ Cryophile C/ Psychrophile D/ Halophile
110.
Archaea have become the source of enzymes harnessed as the basis for the
amplification of the DNA in a technique called Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
This enzyme is an essential part of the development of molecular biology which
obtained from
A/
Staphylococcus aurous B/
Methanogen C/ Thermus aquaticus D/ Toxoplasma gondii
111.
In a viral replication cycle the assembly of newly synthesized viral components
into complete viruses in-----.
A/
Biosynthesis stage B/ Release
stage C/ Adsorption stage D/ Maturation stage
112.
Which one of the following statements is odd about the idea of Koch's
postulates?
A/
The suspected microorganisms must be cultivated in a pure culture in vivo.
B/
Disease-causing organisms must always be present in diseased animals but not in
healthy animals
C/
The isolated organism must cause the same disease when inoculated into a
healthy animal
D/
The same microorganism must be reisolated from the newly infected animals and
cultured again in the laboratory
113.
Which one of the following is not pure culture techniques?
A/
Pour plate method
B/
Streak plate method
C/
Spread plate method
D/
Serial dilution
114.
Which one of the following methods of controlling the growth of microorganisms
by boiling and rapidly colling the food without affecting the nutritive value
of the food?
A/
Tyndallization B/
Sterilization C/
Pasteurization D/ Aseptic technique
115.
A type of dormant cell that is metabolically inactive, cannot grow and develop,
and is extraordinarily resistant to heat, ultraviolet light, and toxic
chemicals is-------
A/
Plasmid B/ Spore C/ Endospore D/ Vegetative
116.
Which one is true about protoplast and spheroplast?
A/
Protoplast is unbounded by any membrane
B/
Spheroplast has an inner membrane and an outer membrane
C/
Spheroplast are bounded by a single membrane
D/
Protoplast has an inner membrane and an outer membrane
117. Which one of the
following is unique about the characteristics of archaea?
A/ Have cell membrane
with unbranched hydrocarbon chains
B/ Have cell wall
composed of pseudopeptidoglycan
C/ Many are found in
harsh environments
D/ The initial amino acid
in their polypeptide chain is methionine
118.
The most common types of fungi called yeast that used for the production of
fermented food products is grouped under…
A/ Basidomycota B/ Zygomycota C/ Chytridomycota D/ Ascomycota
119.
The unprotected dust-like spore produced by some fungi by the process of
sporulation is…
A/
Conidiophore B/
Arthrospore C/
Sporangiospore D/ Blastospore
120.
In sexual reproduction of fungi, opposite mating types come together and fuse.
So, the fusion cells represent---
A/
Fruiting body B/
Heterokaryon C/
Basidiocarp D/
Basidiomycete
121.
One of the harmful aspect of fungi is producing toxin that cause diseases for
animal and human. Which one of the following toxins is produced by mushroom?
A/
Ergot B/ Aflatoxin C/ Mycetism D/ Sclerotium
122.
Which one of the following dermatophytosis most commonly affects hairless skin
of human?
A/ Tinea capitis B/ Tinea corporis C/ Tinea pedis D/ Tinea unguium
123.
Which one of the following structures is found only in enveloped viruses?
A/
Genetic material B/
Capsid C/ Matrix
protein D/ Spike
124.
Which one of the following is the harmful aspect of fungi?
A/ Studying cancer and aging within a simple
cell
B/
Deterioration of fabrics, leather, electrical insulation and other manufactured
goods
C/
Production of citric, oxalic, gluconic and itaconic acid
D/
Manufacture of immunosuppressive drug called cyclosporin
125.
Superficial mycoses are fungal infections of the outermost areas of the human
body. Which one of the following common genera of fungi cause this infection?
A/
Microsporum B/ Aspergillus C/ Mycotoxicoses D/ Candidiasis
126.
Which one of the following common protozoa is correctly matched with their
class?
A/
Euglena ------------ Rhizopodea
B/ Trypanosoma------ Mastigophora
C/
Paramecium-------Mastigophora D/ Giardia----------- Ciliata
127.
In sexual reproduction of protozoa, genetic variation results from a sexual
process in which two individuals exchange haploid micronuclei but do not
reproduce. This type of genetic variation comes as result of ----
A/
Meiosis B/ Mitosis C/ Micronuclear fusion D/ Conjugation
128.
Food is digested in the vacuole of protozoa after the food enters the cell.
When the process is completed the waste products are excreted using a process
called------
A/
Exocytosis B/
Vesicle C/ Ingestion D/ Egestion
129. Which one of the following common
structures is found in almost all viruses?
A/
DNA B/ RNA C/ Capsid D/ Tail fiber
130.
Which one of the following methods is not used for studying viruses?
A/
Compound microscope B/ Electron
microscope C/ Centrifugation D/ Filtration
131.
All of the following statement is true about DNA and RNA viruses except?
A/ Both DNA and RNA
are found in a single virus as a genetic material
B/
RNA mutation rate is higher than the DNA mutation rate
C/
DNA viruses are mostly double-stranded while RNA viruses are single-stranded
D/
The disease caused by RNA viruses are more toxic than DNA viruses
132.
Which of the following is collective name for all bacteria with spherical
shape?
A/ Bacilli B/ Cocci C/ Streptococci D/
spirochetes
133. Which one of the following is the correct
increasing order of thus most common element found in the living system in
percentages?
A/ Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Hydrogen, Carbon
B/ Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen
C/
Oxygen,
Hydrogen, Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Carbon
D/ Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen
134. Which one of the following is the
correct path of breathing?
A/ Bronchus ------Bronchiole --- Trachea
------ Alveoli
B/
Trachea------Bronchus------Bronchiole---Alveoli
C/ Trachea ------Bronchiole------Bronchus
---Alveoli
D/ Bronchiole ------Bronchus ---------
Trachea ------ Alveoli
135. Which one of the following conditions
will occur during the inhaling of oxygen into the lung?
A/ Chest cavity become increase
B/ Diaphragm muscles relax and becomes
dome-shaped
C/ Diaphragm muscles contract and becomes
dome-shaped
D/ Chest cavity become increase
136. Which one of the following structures
of our respiratory system also called “voice box”.
A/ Pharynx B/ Epiglottis C/ Larynx D/ Gullet
137. The only viruses that affect bacteria
is-------------?
A/ Corona virus B/ Herpes simplex virus C/ Phage virus D/ Zika virus
138. The correct path of human digestive
system is
A/ Mouth--stomach---- gullet— small
intestine---large intestine--- rectum--- anus
B/ A/ Mouth--- gullet—stomach---- small
intestine---large intestine--- rectum--- anus
C/ Mouth—stomach--- gullet ---large
intestine---- small
intestine --- rectum--- anus
D/ Mouth--- gullet—stomach ---large
intestine---- small
intestine --- rectum--- anus
139. Chemical digestion of carbohydrates
begins in the
A/ Esophagus B/ Stomach C/ Duodenum D/ Oral cavity
140. Which one of the following wastewater
treatments is an example of biological treatment?
A/ Primary wastewater treatment B/ Secondary wastewater treatment
C/ Tertiary wastewater treatment D/ Quaternary wastewater treatment
141.
------is
the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break
down organic material present in a given wastewater sample at certain
temperature over a specific time period.
A/
BOD B/ COD C/ Treatment plant D/ Flocs
142. Which one of the following alcoholic beverages
has high alcohol content?
A/ Tella
B/ Wine C/ Beer D/Spirits
143---- is a process that relies on microorganisms
and plants and/or their derivatives to degrade or alter environmental
contaminants as these organisms carry out their normal life functions.
A/ Bioremediation B/ Bio fabrication C/ Bio stimulation D/ Bioaugmentation
144. Any antimicrobial agents that apply on living
tissue/body surface is
A/ Sterilization B/ Disinfectant C/ Antiseptic D/ Decontamination
145. -------- is the minimum amount of time in which
all microbes in a liquid culture are killed at a given temperature.
A/ Thermal Death Point B/ Thermal Death
Time
C/ Low-temperature pasteurization D/ High-temperature
pasteurization
146. --- is the sterilization of inoculating loop or
wire, tip of forceps, etc., using Bunsen burner till it become red hot.
A/ Incineration
B/ Flaming C/ Hot air
oven D/Moist heat sterilization
147.
Which one of the following methods is carried out
over a period of 3 days and requires a chamber to hold the materials and are
exposed to free-flowing steam at 100°C for 20 minutes, for each of the three
consecutive days.
A/ Sterilization B/ Pasteurization C/ Incineration D/ Tyndallization
148. Which one of the following bacterial
characterization methods is morphological test?
A/ Catalase test B/ PCR test C/ Shape test D/ Fermentation test
149. ------- is a method of producing identical
copies of genes, cells, or organisms.
A/ Cloning
B/ Genetic engineering
C/ Recombinant DNA technology D/ Breeding
150. -----is the use infectious agents such as
bacteria, viruses, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans,
animals or plants as an act of war.
A/ Chemical attack B/ Criminal C/ Biological
weapons D/ Pesticides
151. When many spherical shapes of bacteria are
arranged in straight light is forms
A/Spirochetes
B/ Coccobacilli C/
Streptococcus D/ Staphylococcus
152. During staining, Gram negative bacteria retain
the color of
A/ Crystal violate B/ Safranine C/ Iodine D/ Malachite green
153. Bacteria can reproduce asexually by
A/ Binary fusion B/ Fragmentation C/ Binary fission D/ Parthenogenesis
154. The horizontal gene transfer occur in the
bacteria by uptake foreign DNA from the external environment is---
A/ Transformation B/ Conjugation C/ Transduction D/ Transcongugation
155. The type of archaebacteria that used in the
production of the major biogas component is
A/ Extreme thermophile B/ Hyperthermophile C/ Halophile D/ Methanogen
156. Mycorrhizal fungi are used in agricultural for
increasing soil fertility by live with the symbiosis with plant root. This
fungus is grouped under
A/ Basidomycota B/ Chytridomycota C/ Zygomycota D/ Glomeromycota
157.
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about microorganisms?
A/ Are too small but can be seen clearly
by the unaided eyes
B/ Are too small and cannot be seen
without magnification
C/ Microorganisms can be both prokaryotic
and eukaryotic
D/ Majority of them are harmful and few of
them are useful
158. Which one
of the following is not the function of protein?
A/ Speed up a
chemical reaction B/
Control of metabolism
C/ Act as a
coenzyme
D/ As a structural component
159. Which one
of the following statements is true about the chemical reaction
catalyzed by an enzyme?
A/
Enzyme is consumed in the reaction B/ Rate of reactant
formation increases
C/
Increases the collusion of reactant molecules D/ The energy barrier increases
160. Which one
of the following is incorrect about protein structures?
A/ Each protein
has a unique primary structure and so has a unique configuration
B/ The primary structure determines the type
and position of amino acid
C/ The secondary structure determines the
tertiary structure and shape of the protein molecule
D/ The secondary
structure determines the formation of ionic and hydrogen bonds
161. The enzyme
that catalyzes the addition /removal of atoms to/from a double bond is?
A. Lyases B. Hydrolases C. Ligases D. Transferases
162. The
end product of the pathway blocks the functioning of the whole enzyme by
binding to the allosteric site of the first enzyme. This mechanism of enzyme
regulation is:
A. Covalent modification B. Allosteric
regulation
C. Allosteric activation D. Zymogen
activation
163. Which one of the following is true
about the induced fit model of enzymes?
A. During binding the substrate shows conformational changes to
accommodate the enzyme
B. Naturally, the substrate exactly fits with the active site
C. By nature the active site of the enzyme is flexible
D. The substrate and active site are always complimentary
164. Enzymes are classified based on the
type of reactions that they catalyze. So how many classes of enzymes are there
in the Enzyme Commission (EC) classification?
A/ 5 B/ 8 C/ 4 D/ 6
165. Which one of the following enzymatic
factors could increase the activity of the enzyme steadily or linearly?
A/ Temperature B/ Substrate concentration C/ pH D/ Enzyme concentration
166.
Zinc, an essential trace element for most organisms, is present in the active
site of the enzyme carboxypeptidase. The zinc most likely functions as a(n)
A/ Competitive inhibitor of the
enzyme B/ Noncompetitive inhibitor
of the enzyme
C/ Allosteric activator of the enzyme D/ Cofactor necessary for enzyme
activity
167.
Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?
A/ Enzymes decrease the free energy
change of a reaction
B/ Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction
C/ Enzymes change the direction of
chemical reactions
D/ Enzymes are permanently altered by the
reactions they catalyze
168. Ms. Alemitu has a baby named Kumbi.
She believes one of two men can be the father of Kumbi. A paternity test was
done and the results were as shown in the figure below. Which man is the father
of her baby?
A/ Dad 1 B/ Dad 2 C/ None of them D/ Both could be father
169. Sucrose is a disaccharide, composed
of the monosaccharide’s glucose and fructose. The hydrolysis of sucrose by the
enzyme sucrase results in: -
A/ Production of water from the sugar as
bonds are broken between the glucose monomers
B/ Utilization of water as a covalent bond
is formed between glucose and fructose to form sucrase
C/ Breaking the bond between glucose and
fructose and forming new bonds from the atoms of water
D/ The release of water from sucrose as
the bond between glucose and fructose is broken.
170. How does a non-competitive inhibitor
decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction?
A/ By acting as a coenzyme for the
reaction
B/ By changing the structure of the enzyme
C/ By changing the free energy change of
the reaction
D/ By binding at the active site of the
enzyme
171. In the nitrogen cycle, the plants do
not use inert nitrogen gases directly from the atmosphere rather they absorb
nitrate, so, which one of the following bacterial species is used for
converting nitrite into nitrate?
A/Nitrosomonas B/Nitrobacter C/ Azotobacter D/ Rhizobium
172. Which one of the following statements
is odd about irreversible inhibitions?
A/ Cannot be removed by simple dialysis or
super-filtration
B/ The inhibitors are covalently bound to
the essential groups of enzymes
C/ Pesticide and heavy metal poisoning are
bound to target molecule reversible
D/ Cause a partial loss or complete loss
of the enzymatic activity
173. In the lysogenic cycle of virus
reproduction:
A/ The viral DNA becomes incorporated into
the host cell’s DNA
B/ Causing the cell to lysis and move the
viruses out of the host
C/ Eventually the viral DNA becomes
activated and causes the release of viral proteins
D/ Leads the rupture of the host cell
174. Bacterial populations can develop a
resistance to antibiotics. Which factors listed below do not contribute to
emerging antibiotic resistance?
A/ Random mutation in the bacterial
population
B/ The repeated use of the same antibiotic
on a bacterial population
C/ Careful selection of the most effective
antibiotic to use on a bacterial population
D/ People not completing a course of
antibiotics so that some bacteria survive
175. One of the uses of microorganisms in
genetic engineering is producing transgenic plants, which method is used for
inserting the target gene to make transgenic plants specifically in maize,
tobacco, carrots, soybean, and apple?
A/ Plasmid B/ Agrobacterium
tumefaciens C/ GMO D/ Gene gun
176. In Gram staining
techniques, if the unknown bacteria retain the color of the primary dye after
staining is more probably it will be
A/ Gram Variable B/ Gram-negative C/ Gram intermediate D/ Gram-positive
177. In the systematic
naming of the enzyme, assume an enzyme is designed as E.C.2.5.8.1. Which one of
the following correctly describes this enzyme?
A/ 5- shows to which main
class the enzyme belongs
B/ 8- gives a
sub-subclass to which the enzyme belongs
C/ 1- a reference of
Enzyme Commission
D/ 2- indicates a
sub-class in which the enzyme belongs
178. Which one of the
following statements best explains the idea of the key-and-lock model of enzyme
action?
A/ The model explains the
formation of an intermediate state
B/ Shape of the substrate
is complementary to the allosteric site of the enzyme
C/ Attached the substrate
to an enzyme produces a shape change
D/ Attached substrate the
enzyme complex enters into a transition state
179. Which one of the
following is true about apoenzyme?
A/ Cofactors that give an
enzyme its catalytic activity
B/ Inorganic molecules
that bind loosely with the cofactor
C/ Protein that combine
with cofactors to form active enzyme
D/ Organic molecule and
many are derived from vitamin
180. How does competitive
inhibitor affect enzymes catalytic reactions?
A/ Binding to the
allosteric site of enzyme
B/ Denature the active site of enzyme
C/ Producing
conformational change to the enzyme
D/ Blocking the active site of enzyme
181. On the evolutionary
lines, which one of the following microorganisms do not have distinctive domain
and kingdom?
A/ Viruses B/ Fungi C/ Helminthes D/ Protozoa
182. Which one of the following statements is
correct about bacteria?
A/ Are unicellular and
eukaryotic cell without nucleus
B/ Are ubiquitous
C/ All bacteria have cell
wall made up of peptidoglycan
D/ Few photosynthetic
bacteria have true chlorophyll
183. Which one of the
following external structure of bacteria used for prevent the bacteria from
dehydration?
A/ Pilli B/ Fimbriae C/ Glycocalyx D/ Inclusion body
184. The rigid layer of
the bacteria cell, which is composed of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic
acid linked by peptide bridge is---------
A/ Murine
(peptidoglycan) B/ Chitin C/ Polypeptide D/ Cellulose
185. Based on nutritional
requirements, nearly all pathogenic microorganisms are grouped under—
A/
Chemolithoheterotroph B/
Photolithoautotroph
C/
Chemoorganoheterotroph D/
Chemolithoautotroph
186. Which one of the
following bacterial diseases is not transmitted by sexual intercourse?
A/ Gonorrhea B/ Neisseria C/ Syphilis D/ Leprosy
187. When the archaea
bacteria that can survive and live in very saline environments (like the Dead
Sea) is.
A/ Hyperthermophile B/ Cryophile C/ Psychrophile D/ Halophile
188. Which one of the
following is unique about the characteristics of archaea?
A/ Have cell membrane
with unbranched hydrocarbon chains
B/ Have cell wall composed
of pseudopeptidoglycan
C/ Many are found in
harsh environments
D/ The initial amino acid
in their polypeptide chain is methionine
189.
The most common type of fungi called yeast that is used for the production of
fermented food products is grouped under…
A/
Basidomycota B/ Zygomycota C/ Chytridomycota D/ Ascomycota
190.
The unprotected dust-like spore produced by some fungi by the process of
sporulation is…
A/
Conidiophore B/
Arthrospore C/ Sporangiospore D/ Blastospore
191.
One of the harmful aspects of fungi is producing toxins that cause diseases for
animals and humans. Which one of the following toxins is produced by
mushrooms?
A/
Ergot B/ Aflatoxin C/ Mycetism D/ Sclerotium
192.
Which dermatophytosis is most commonly affects the hairless skin of humans?
A/
Tinea capitis B/ Tinea
corporis C/ Tinea pedis D/ Tinea unguium
193.
All of the following statements are true about the microorganism protozoa
except?
A/
Unicellular organisms without a cell wall
B/
Can be free-living or parasitic
C/
Some protozoa can synthesize their food by photosynthesis
D/
Most of them are anaerobic
194.
Which one of the following types of protozoa reproduction is from schizogony
and common in Plasmodium that causes malaria disease?
A/
Binary fission B/
Budding C/ Multiple
fission D/ Transverse fission
195.
The disease African sleeping sickness is transmitted by a vector Tsetse fly
(Glossina) and shows symptoms like fever, and joint pains followed by
neurological disorder) are caused by
A/
Plasmodium falciform B/ Leishmania
donovani
C/
Toxoplasma gondii D/ Trypanosoma
brucei
196.
Which one of the following statements is odd about viruses?
A/
Can be grown on cell-free media B/ Some viruses contain
enzymes
C/
Can be seen with an electron microscope D/ Are unaffected by antibiotics
197.
The outer membrane portion of the cell envelope of certain gram-negative
bacteria, which is a toxin to humans when solubilized is
A/
Endospore B/ Endotoxin C/ Exospore D/ Exotoxin
198.
Both protoplasts and spheroplasts are altered forms of plant, bacterial, or
fungal cells from which the cell wall has been partially or completely removed.
Which one is true about protoplast and spheroplast?
A/
Protoplast is unbounded by any membrane
B/
Spheroplast has an inner membrane and an outer membrane
C/
Spheroplast are bounded by a single membrane
D/
Protoplast has an inner membrane and an outer membrane
1999.
Mr. X’s white blood cells, intestine, and skin are highly affected as a result
the skin ulcer, mucocutaneous, complications, and visceral, diseases
(hepatosplenomegaly). Based on these symptoms he is sure that the disease is
transmitted by the vector Sand fly (Phlemotomus). So, what is the name of this
disease?
A/
Toxoplasmosis B/
Leishmaniasis (kalaazar)
C/
African sleeping sickness D/ Trichomoniasis
200.
A doctor takes a certain patient's stool sample. After examination, the
clinical features of the disease look like tissue destruction, intestinal
cramps, ulceration, and blood. Based on these features the doctor identified
the disease as caused by protozoa and concluded that this disease is
transmitted by ingestion of fecally contaminated food or water, a disease
associated with poverty, homosexual men, and migrant workers. So, the causative
agent of this disease is-----------
A/
Trypanosoma brucei B/ Giardia
lamblia
C/ Entamoeba histolytica D/ Trichomonas vaginalis
🤞 For further
information please visit this YouTube channel
Please teacher send the answers
ReplyDelete